THE PRIMORDIAL PHOTON
Copyright 2008 By George William Kelly


In a previous post to this blog I have described the bivortex particle as a spinning, composite, apple-shaped spheroid with a vortex at each pole.  Its polar vortexes are connected by a central axial tube formed by incoming particles that compose the bivortex.  These particles travel via the tube toward a core at the center of the bivortex, where they meet.  At this central core the opposing particle streams collide.  The particles radiate outward along the equatorial plane of the bivortex.  At varying distances, depending upon momentum, they return in opposite directions from the equatorial plane toward the two halves of the tube and toward the two vortexes, thus forming the two hemispheres of the bivortex and, often, an equatorial disk.  These component particles continue to recycle in this organized pattern over and over again, maintaining the overall shape of the bivortex.  Successive ranks of the constituent particles follow in single file, one after the other.  They are the field lines of the bivortex and may be interpreted as the mechanism of gravity and of curved spacetime at both subatomic and astronomic levels.  The bivortex grows by attracting surrounding particles into its flow pattern (the bivortex field) or by merging with other bivortexes.  It may range in size from subatomic to astronomic.  Suggested  examples of the bivortex particle are electrons, protons, planets, stars, and the galaxies.

If we were to imagine the smallest possible bivortex particle, it would comprise great numbers of the smallest possible elementary particle, all following one after the other along the field lines that make up the bivortex particle.   Like the Greek atomists, I assume this smallest elementary particle to be indivisible.  By association with others of its kind, this smallest of particles can collectively form bivortex particles, larger and larger bivortex particles, and eventually  galaxy-sized bivortexes.  What is this smallest possible elementary particle?  What causes it to flow in enormous numbers within the distinctive pattern that forms a bivortex particle.  

I suggest that the photon--Albert Einstein’s quantum of light--is a reasonable candidate for this smallest elementary particle. I propose that the photon is the primordial component of the bivortex particle.  Albert Einstein observed that nothing can exceed the speed of light.  This implies that the photon is the smallest of all particles.  Being the smallest particle would allow the photon to travel between other particles, with less resistance, than any larger particle.  Therefore, it could travel faster than any larger particle.  No larger particle could exceed it in speed.  To do so the larger particle would have to break itself down into particles that are smaller than, or no larger than the photon.

How might photons interact with other photons to form a primordial bivortex? 

If we assume that the photon is discrete, indivisible, and probably spherical, it would not itself be a composite bivortex consisting of two vortexes, central tube, central core, and equatorial disk.  The photon would not have subparticles.  The photon would not have recycling field lines.  How would such a structureless photon link together with other photons like it to create the pattern of motion and consequent shape of a bivortex?  

The key to linkage between photons is motion.  Motion is the indicator and the measure of energy, mass, time, and space.  If there is no motion--no relative movement between two photons--there can be no interaction.  But let one photon begin to move, and all other photons are in motion relatively.  Let one photon pass near or “sideswipe” another photon.  The “sideswipe” will cause both photons to spin.  One can liken this effect to friction between two objects or to the engaging of two cogwheels.  The two “sideswiped” photons will spin in opposite directions.  We now have photons that are not only moving but spinning around an axis as they move. 

A moving, spinning photon will encounter another moving, spinning photon in either of two ways.  Either the two photons will spin in the same direction, or they will spin in opposite directions.  (Here we ignore photons whose polar axes are not essentially parallel to each other).

First, let us consider an encounter between two photons (with parallel axes) that have opposite spins.  In this encounter each photon will continue to spin in the same direction as before, relative to its polar axis.  However, at the point of contact along the two equators the surfaces of both photons will be moving together in the same direction.  Their confluent movements at the point of contact will tend to pull the two photons together.  They will continue moving and spinning along together--parallel to each other--as a side-by-side pair.  (The bond between them is similar to the “weak nuclear force.”)

Next, let us consider an encounter between two photons (with parallel axes) that have the same spins.  At the point of contact at the two equators the surfaces will be moving in opposite directions.  The resistance between the two surfaces will tend to hold the two photons apart and, by braking one side of each photon, cause the photons to circle each other.  They become an orbiting binary pair of photons.  (The bond between them is similar to the “strong nuclear force.”) 

We have now described the two basic interactions between moving, spinning photons:   (1) a side-by-side photon pair resulting from having opposite spins and (2) an orbiting binary photon pair resulting from having the same spins.  These are the initial steps toward formation of a bivortex particle.

Developing a chain of photons is the next stage in the creation of a bivortex particle.  This occurs with the side-by-side pair of photons.  Remember that this pair moves along together side-by-side; they do not orbit each other.  Remember that their two axes are parallel.  Remember that each photon in the pair spins in the opposite direction from the other.  Also remember that, at the point of contact between the two photons, their opposing equatorial contact surfaces are moving in the same direction.  With all that in mind imagine that the axis of one photon tilts slightly.  The tilt places one of its polar vortexes closer to the nearby polar vortex of its neighbor photon; its other vortex moves farther away from its corresponding neighbor vortex.  The tilting continues, and the tilting photon rides up the hemisphere of its neighbor until it turns upside down on top of its neighbor.  The side-by-side pair with opposite spins has now become a double-photon with a single, combined spin.  (Compare this with two side-by-side apples, one stem up and the other stem down.  One apple rides up the side of the other and flips over so that now there are two stem-up apples, one stacked upon the other.)  Instead of a side-by-side pair of photons, we now have a stacked pair of photons.  This is the beginning of a chain of photons.  When a third photon comes along with a spin opposite to the double-photon, it can form a side-by-side pair with either one of the  photons in the double-photon, tilt, and flip over to create a triple-photon, again with a single combined spin.  The chain can continue to grow, but it must be remembered that, since this is a “weak” attachment, the ends of the chain are subject to being detached or knocked off.  (This photon stacking process is similar to the proton formation of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium that I have described in another post to this blog.) 

Now let us return to the binary photon pair, where two same-spin photons orbit each other around a shared axis.  If a single photon of the opposite spin encounters one of the binary photons, it might tilt, ride up, and invert itself on top of the paired photon, forming a double-photon.  Then the binary pair would have one single and one double-photon.  If this process repeated itself with the other binary photon, there would be a binary pair consisting of two double-photons.  This could continue, producing a binary pair that consists of two multi-photon stacks.  The space within the center of the orbiting pair of photon stacks might be considered an “embryonic” bivortex tube. 

The longer a stack of photons becomes, the more likely that the last photon in the stack (on either end) will be detached by a collision with a passing photon.  Suppose the detached photon falls into the “embryonic tube” of the binary pair of photon stacks and meets another detached photon that has fallen in from the opposite end.  When the two falling photons collide at the center, they will ricochet outward and break through at the center of each stack.  This would be the beginning of the same cyclic pattern that we have described in the bivortex particle.  With continuing combinations, it explains how the discrete, indivisible photon can organize and grow into the widely varying composite bivortex particles of the universe.
- posted by George William Kelly @ 4:08 PM